Zanieczyszczenie powietrza w Indre: Wskaźnik jakości powietrza w czasie rzeczywistym i alarm smogowy.
Zanieczyszczenie i prognoza jakości powietrza w Indre. Dziś jest sobota, 13 grudnia 2025. Odnotowano następujące wartości zanieczyszczenia powietrza w Indre:- cząstki stałe (PM10) pył zawieszony - 18 (Dobry)
- dwutlenek azotu (NO2) - 28 (Dobry)
- cząstki stałe (PM2.5) pył - 12 (Dobry)
- ozon (O3) - 59 (Dobry)
- dwutlenek siarki (SO2) - 1 (Dobry)
Jaka jest dzisiaj jakość powietrza w Indre? Czy powietrze jest zanieczyszczone w Indre? Czy jest dużo smogu?
Jaki jest dziś poziom PM10 w Indre? (cząstki stałe (PM10) pył zawieszony)
Obecny poziom pyłu zawieszonego PM10 w Indre to:
18 (Dobry)
Najwyższe wartości PM10 występują zwykle w: 27 (luty 2019).
Najniższa wartość pyłu zawieszonego PM10 zanieczyszczenia w Indre jas zwykle rejestrowane w: maju (9.2).
Jak wysoki jest poziom NO2? (dwutlenek azotu (NO2))
28 (Dobry)
Jaki jest obecny poziom PM2.5 w Indre? (cząstki stałe (PM2.5) pył)
Dzisiejszy poziom PM2.5 to:
12 (Dobry)
Dla porównania, najwyższy poziom PM2,5 w Indre w ciągu ostatnich 7 dni wyniósł: 41 (sobota, 13 stycznia 2024) i najniższy: -64 (piątek, 27 maja 2022).
Najwyższe wartości PM2,5 zostały zarejestrowane: 17 (luty 2019).
Najniższy poziom pyłu zawieszonego PM2,5 występuje w: maju (2.9).
Jak jest dziś poziom O3 w Indre? (ozon (O3))
59 (Dobry)
Jaki jest poziom zanieczyszczenia SO2? (dwutlenek siarki (SO2))
1 (Dobry)
Aktualne dane piątek, 27 maja 2022, 15:00
PM10 18 (Dobry)
NO2 28 (Dobry)
PM2,5 12 (Dobry)
O3 59 (Dobry)
2 (Dobry)
SO2 1 (Dobry)
Dane dotyczące zanieczyszczenia powietrza z ostatnich dni w Indre
index
2024-01-10
2024-01-11
2024-01-12
2024-01-13
2024-01-14
2024-01-15
2024-01-16
2024-01-17
2022-05-27
pm10
25
Moderate
37
Moderate
39
Moderate
42
Moderate
36
Moderate
41
Moderate
21
Moderate
13
Good
-41
Good
no
8
Good
6
Good
10
Good
2
Good
3
Good
10
Good
5
Good
1
Good
-
Good
pm25
21
Moderate
30
Moderate
35
Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
41
Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
35
Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
39
Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
20
Moderate
10
Good
-64
Good
o3
35
Good
27
Good
29
Good
29
Good
27
Good
24
Good
34
Good
34
Good
55
Good
no2
14
Good
16
Good
28
Good
16
Good
14
Good
25
Good
14
Good
8
Good
17
Good
so2
-
Good
-
Good
-
Good
-
Good
-
Good
-
Good
-
Good
-
Good
1
Good
data source »
Zanieczyszczenie powietrza w Indre od wrzesień 2017 do maj 2020
index
2020-05
2020-04
2020-03
2020-02
2020-01
2019-12
2019-11
2019-10
2019-09
2019-08
2019-07
2019-06
2019-05
2019-04
2019-03
2019-02
2019-01
2018-12
2018-11
2018-10
2018-09
2018-08
2018-07
2018-06
2018-05
2018-04
2018-03
2018-02
2018-01
2017-12
2017-11
2017-10
2017-09
pm10
9.2 (Good)
16 (Good)
16 (Good)
15 (Good)
15 (Good)
14 (Good)
10 (Good)
11 (Good)
13 (Good)
12 (Good)
17 (Good)
13 (Good)
13 (Good)
14 (Good)
18 (Good)
27 (Moderate)
18 (Good)
15 (Good)
15 (Good)
17 (Good)
15 (Good)
13 (Good)
15 (Good)
12 (Good)
16 (Good)
15 (Good)
14 (Good)
19 (Good)
10 (Good)
13 (Good)
15 (Good)
12 (Good)
11 (Good)
no2
4.8 (Good)
7.2 (Good)
8.5 (Good)
8 (Good)
13 (Good)
9 (Good)
10 (Good)
8.7 (Good)
9.6 (Good)
9 (Good)
9.9 (Good)
8.9 (Good)
10 (Good)
14 (Good)
13 (Good)
25 (Good)
17 (Good)
10 (Good)
16 (Good)
15 (Good)
16 (Good)
9.3 (Good)
9.8 (Good)
8 (Good)
9.3 (Good)
10 (Good)
11 (Good)
17 (Good)
11 (Good)
13 (Good)
16 (Good)
13 (Good)
15 (Good)
o3
54 (Good)
66 (Good)
60 (Good)
62 (Good)
47 (Good)
49 (Good)
48 (Good)
47 (Good)
60 (Good)
66 (Good)
80 (Moderate)
68 (Good)
70 (Moderate)
75 (Moderate)
74 (Moderate)
48 (Good)
46 (Good)
49 (Good)
34 (Good)
49 (Good)
64 (Good)
66 (Good)
74 (Moderate)
64 (Good)
72 (Moderate)
69 (Good)
69 (Good)
48 (Good)
53 (Good)
46 (Good)
38 (Good)
41 (Good)
43 (Good)
pm25
2.9 (Good)
7.7 (Good)
7.6 (Good)
6.1 (Good)
8.3 (Good)
4.4 (Good)
3.6 (Good)
3.7 (Good)
3.6 (Good)
3.9 (Good)
6.1 (Good)
6 (Good)
6.5 (Good)
8.6 (Good)
9.2 (Good)
17 (Moderate)
12 (Good)
7.6 (Good)
9.6 (Good)
8.7 (Good)
5.7 (Good)
4.7 (Good)
6.2 (Good)
4.4 (Good)
7.5 (Good)
5.2 (Good)
8.3 (Good)
14 (Moderate)
6 (Good)
8.4 (Good)
9.8 (Good)
5 (Good)
5.5 (Good)
data source »
Chateauroux Sud
środa, 17 stycznia 2024, 09:00
PM10 14 (Dobry)
cząstki stałe (PM10) pył zawieszony
NO2 8.8 (Dobry)
dwutlenek azotu (NO2)
PM2,5 6.6 (Dobry)
cząstki stałe (PM2.5) pył
O3 54 (Dobry)
ozon (O3)
1.8 (Dobry)
index_name_no
FR34054
środa, 17 stycznia 2024, 09:00
O3 49 (Dobry)
ozon (O3)
Montierchaume
środa, 17 stycznia 2024, 09:00
O3 53 (Dobry)
ozon (O3)
Issoudun_Trafic_ZR
piątek, 27 maja 2022, 15:00
NO2 47 (Umiarkowany)
dwutlenek azotu (NO2)
PM2,5 18 (Umiarkowany)
cząstki stałe (PM2.5) pył
O3 78 (Umiarkowany)
ozon (O3)
SO2 1 (Dobry)
dwutlenek siarki (SO2)
PM10 23 (Umiarkowany)
cząstki stałe (PM10) pył zawieszony
Chateauroux Sud
index
2024-01-17
2024-01-16
2024-01-15
2024-01-14
2024-01-13
2024-01-12
2024-01-11
2024-01-10
pm10
13
21
41
36
42
39
37
25
no
1.2
5.4
10
2.7
1.7
9.8
6.5
7.8
pm25
10
20
39
35
41
35
30
21
o3
39
32
19
26
27
23
26
36
no2
8.4
14
25
14
16
28
16
14
FR34054
index
2024-01-17
2024-01-16
2024-01-15
2024-01-14
2024-01-13
2024-01-12
2024-01-11
2024-01-10
o3
31
35
29
26
32
36
26
30
Montierchaume
index
2024-01-17
2024-01-16
2024-01-15
2024-01-14
2024-01-13
2024-01-12
2024-01-11
2024-01-10
o3
33
35
24
29
28
29
29
39
Issoudun_Trafic_ZR
index
2022-05-27
no2
17
pm25
-63.77
o3
55
so2
0.94
pm10
-41.24
FR34051
index
2020-05
2020-04
2020-03
2020-02
2020-01
2019-12
2019-11
2019-10
2019-09
2019-08
2019-07
2019-06
2019-05
2019-04
2019-03
2019-02
2019-01
2018-12
2018-11
2018-10
2018-09
2018-08
2018-07
2018-06
2018-05
2018-04
2018-03
2018-02
2018-01
2017-12
2017-11
2017-10
2017-09
pm10
9.2
16
16
15
15
14
10
11
13
12
17
13
13
14
18
27
18
15
15
17
15
13
15
12
16
15
14
19
10
13
15
12
11
no2
3.1
5.5
6.6
5.8
11
8.5
8.1
6
6.3
5.9
6
5.4
6.9
11
9.3
21
15
8.4
14
12
11
6.7
7.7
6
7.2
7.6
9.3
15
8.6
11
14
11
13
o3
57
70
62
63
46
48
48
48
59
70
83
76
74
79
76
42
40
48
30
47
62
68
76
65
70
68
65
42
50
42
34
39
44
FR34054
index
2020-05
2020-04
2020-03
2020-02
2020-01
2019-12
2019-11
2019-10
2019-09
2019-08
2019-07
2019-06
2019-05
2019-04
2019-03
2019-02
2019-01
2018-12
2018-11
2018-10
2018-09
2018-08
2018-07
2018-06
2018-05
2018-04
2018-03
2018-02
2018-01
2017-12
2017-11
2017-10
2017-09
o3
57
66
59
62
48
51
48
45
59
63
79
65
69
74
75
54
52
52
38
51
64
63
68
62
74
70
69
52
56
49
41
41
40
FR34056
index
2020-05
2020-04
2020-03
2020-02
2020-01
2019-12
2019-11
2019-10
2019-09
2019-08
2019-07
2019-06
2019-05
2019-04
2019-03
2019-02
2019-01
2018-12
2018-11
2018-10
2018-09
2018-08
2018-07
2018-06
2018-05
2018-04
2018-03
2018-02
2018-01
2017-12
2017-11
2017-10
2017-09
o3
49
63
60
63
46
49
49
47
61
65
78
64
68
72
71
48
46
49
35
49
65
68
78
65
73
70
72
49
54
47
39
42
44
FR34057
2017-09 2020-05
index
2020-05
2020-04
2020-03
2020-02
2020-01
2019-12
2019-11
2019-10
2019-09
2019-08
2019-07
2019-06
2019-05
2019-04
2019-03
2019-02
2019-01
2018-12
2018-11
2018-10
2018-09
2018-08
2018-07
2018-06
2018-05
2018-04
2018-03
2018-02
2018-01
2017-12
2017-11
2017-10
2017-09
pm25
2.9
7.7
7.6
6.1
8.3
4.4
3.6
3.7
3.6
3.9
6.1
6
6.5
8.6
9.2
17
12
7.6
9.6
8.7
5.7
4.7
6.2
4.4
7.5
5.2
8.3
14
6
8.4
9.8
5
5.5
no2
6.4
8.9
11
10
16
9.5
12
11
13
12
14
13
13
18
16
29
19
12
19
18
20
12
12
10
11
13
13
19
13
14
18
15
18
* Pollution data source:
https://openaq.org
(EEA France)
The data is licensed under CC-By 4.0
PM10 18 (Dobry)
NO2 28 (Dobry)
PM2,5 12 (Dobry)
O3 59 (Dobry)
2 (Dobry)
SO2 1 (Dobry)
Dane dotyczące zanieczyszczenia powietrza z ostatnich dni w Indre
| index | 2024-01-10 | 2024-01-11 | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-13 | 2024-01-14 | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-16 | 2024-01-17 | 2022-05-27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pm10 | 25 Moderate |
37 Moderate |
39 Moderate |
42 Moderate |
36 Moderate |
41 Moderate |
21 Moderate |
13 Good |
-41 Good |
| no | 8 Good |
6 Good |
10 Good |
2 Good |
3 Good |
10 Good |
5 Good |
1 Good |
- Good |
| pm25 | 21 Moderate |
30 Moderate |
35 Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups |
41 Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups |
35 Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups |
39 Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups |
20 Moderate |
10 Good |
-64 Good |
| o3 | 35 Good |
27 Good |
29 Good |
29 Good |
27 Good |
24 Good |
34 Good |
34 Good |
55 Good |
| no2 | 14 Good |
16 Good |
28 Good |
16 Good |
14 Good |
25 Good |
14 Good |
8 Good |
17 Good |
| so2 | - Good |
- Good |
- Good |
- Good |
- Good |
- Good |
- Good |
- Good |
1 Good |
| index | 2020-05 | 2020-04 | 2020-03 | 2020-02 | 2020-01 | 2019-12 | 2019-11 | 2019-10 | 2019-09 | 2019-08 | 2019-07 | 2019-06 | 2019-05 | 2019-04 | 2019-03 | 2019-02 | 2019-01 | 2018-12 | 2018-11 | 2018-10 | 2018-09 | 2018-08 | 2018-07 | 2018-06 | 2018-05 | 2018-04 | 2018-03 | 2018-02 | 2018-01 | 2017-12 | 2017-11 | 2017-10 | 2017-09 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pm10 | 9.2 (Good) | 16 (Good) | 16 (Good) | 15 (Good) | 15 (Good) | 14 (Good) | 10 (Good) | 11 (Good) | 13 (Good) | 12 (Good) | 17 (Good) | 13 (Good) | 13 (Good) | 14 (Good) | 18 (Good) | 27 (Moderate) | 18 (Good) | 15 (Good) | 15 (Good) | 17 (Good) | 15 (Good) | 13 (Good) | 15 (Good) | 12 (Good) | 16 (Good) | 15 (Good) | 14 (Good) | 19 (Good) | 10 (Good) | 13 (Good) | 15 (Good) | 12 (Good) | 11 (Good) |
| no2 | 4.8 (Good) | 7.2 (Good) | 8.5 (Good) | 8 (Good) | 13 (Good) | 9 (Good) | 10 (Good) | 8.7 (Good) | 9.6 (Good) | 9 (Good) | 9.9 (Good) | 8.9 (Good) | 10 (Good) | 14 (Good) | 13 (Good) | 25 (Good) | 17 (Good) | 10 (Good) | 16 (Good) | 15 (Good) | 16 (Good) | 9.3 (Good) | 9.8 (Good) | 8 (Good) | 9.3 (Good) | 10 (Good) | 11 (Good) | 17 (Good) | 11 (Good) | 13 (Good) | 16 (Good) | 13 (Good) | 15 (Good) |
| o3 | 54 (Good) | 66 (Good) | 60 (Good) | 62 (Good) | 47 (Good) | 49 (Good) | 48 (Good) | 47 (Good) | 60 (Good) | 66 (Good) | 80 (Moderate) | 68 (Good) | 70 (Moderate) | 75 (Moderate) | 74 (Moderate) | 48 (Good) | 46 (Good) | 49 (Good) | 34 (Good) | 49 (Good) | 64 (Good) | 66 (Good) | 74 (Moderate) | 64 (Good) | 72 (Moderate) | 69 (Good) | 69 (Good) | 48 (Good) | 53 (Good) | 46 (Good) | 38 (Good) | 41 (Good) | 43 (Good) |
| pm25 | 2.9 (Good) | 7.7 (Good) | 7.6 (Good) | 6.1 (Good) | 8.3 (Good) | 4.4 (Good) | 3.6 (Good) | 3.7 (Good) | 3.6 (Good) | 3.9 (Good) | 6.1 (Good) | 6 (Good) | 6.5 (Good) | 8.6 (Good) | 9.2 (Good) | 17 (Moderate) | 12 (Good) | 7.6 (Good) | 9.6 (Good) | 8.7 (Good) | 5.7 (Good) | 4.7 (Good) | 6.2 (Good) | 4.4 (Good) | 7.5 (Good) | 5.2 (Good) | 8.3 (Good) | 14 (Moderate) | 6 (Good) | 8.4 (Good) | 9.8 (Good) | 5 (Good) | 5.5 (Good) |
PM10 14 (Dobry)
cząstki stałe (PM10) pył zawieszonyNO2 8.8 (Dobry)
dwutlenek azotu (NO2)PM2,5 6.6 (Dobry)
cząstki stałe (PM2.5) pyłO3 54 (Dobry)
ozon (O3)1.8 (Dobry)
index_name_noO3 49 (Dobry)
ozon (O3)O3 53 (Dobry)
ozon (O3)NO2 47 (Umiarkowany)
dwutlenek azotu (NO2)PM2,5 18 (Umiarkowany)
cząstki stałe (PM2.5) pyłO3 78 (Umiarkowany)
ozon (O3)SO2 1 (Dobry)
dwutlenek siarki (SO2)PM10 23 (Umiarkowany)
cząstki stałe (PM10) pył zawieszonyChateauroux Sud
| index | 2024-01-17 | 2024-01-16 | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-14 | 2024-01-13 | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-11 | 2024-01-10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pm10 | 13 | 21 | 41 | 36 | 42 | 39 | 37 | 25 |
| no | 1.2 | 5.4 | 10 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 9.8 | 6.5 | 7.8 |
| pm25 | 10 | 20 | 39 | 35 | 41 | 35 | 30 | 21 |
| o3 | 39 | 32 | 19 | 26 | 27 | 23 | 26 | 36 |
| no2 | 8.4 | 14 | 25 | 14 | 16 | 28 | 16 | 14 |
FR34054
| index | 2024-01-17 | 2024-01-16 | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-14 | 2024-01-13 | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-11 | 2024-01-10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| o3 | 31 | 35 | 29 | 26 | 32 | 36 | 26 | 30 |
Montierchaume
| index | 2024-01-17 | 2024-01-16 | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-14 | 2024-01-13 | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-11 | 2024-01-10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| o3 | 33 | 35 | 24 | 29 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 39 |
Issoudun_Trafic_ZR
| index | 2022-05-27 |
|---|---|
| no2 | 17 |
| pm25 | -63.77 |
| o3 | 55 |
| so2 | 0.94 |
| pm10 | -41.24 |
FR34051
| index | 2020-05 | 2020-04 | 2020-03 | 2020-02 | 2020-01 | 2019-12 | 2019-11 | 2019-10 | 2019-09 | 2019-08 | 2019-07 | 2019-06 | 2019-05 | 2019-04 | 2019-03 | 2019-02 | 2019-01 | 2018-12 | 2018-11 | 2018-10 | 2018-09 | 2018-08 | 2018-07 | 2018-06 | 2018-05 | 2018-04 | 2018-03 | 2018-02 | 2018-01 | 2017-12 | 2017-11 | 2017-10 | 2017-09 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pm10 | 9.2 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 12 | 17 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 27 | 18 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 15 | 12 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 19 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 12 | 11 |
| no2 | 3.1 | 5.5 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 11 | 8.5 | 8.1 | 6 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 11 | 9.3 | 21 | 15 | 8.4 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 6 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 9.3 | 15 | 8.6 | 11 | 14 | 11 | 13 |
| o3 | 57 | 70 | 62 | 63 | 46 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 59 | 70 | 83 | 76 | 74 | 79 | 76 | 42 | 40 | 48 | 30 | 47 | 62 | 68 | 76 | 65 | 70 | 68 | 65 | 42 | 50 | 42 | 34 | 39 | 44 |
FR34054
| index | 2020-05 | 2020-04 | 2020-03 | 2020-02 | 2020-01 | 2019-12 | 2019-11 | 2019-10 | 2019-09 | 2019-08 | 2019-07 | 2019-06 | 2019-05 | 2019-04 | 2019-03 | 2019-02 | 2019-01 | 2018-12 | 2018-11 | 2018-10 | 2018-09 | 2018-08 | 2018-07 | 2018-06 | 2018-05 | 2018-04 | 2018-03 | 2018-02 | 2018-01 | 2017-12 | 2017-11 | 2017-10 | 2017-09 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| o3 | 57 | 66 | 59 | 62 | 48 | 51 | 48 | 45 | 59 | 63 | 79 | 65 | 69 | 74 | 75 | 54 | 52 | 52 | 38 | 51 | 64 | 63 | 68 | 62 | 74 | 70 | 69 | 52 | 56 | 49 | 41 | 41 | 40 |
FR34056
| index | 2020-05 | 2020-04 | 2020-03 | 2020-02 | 2020-01 | 2019-12 | 2019-11 | 2019-10 | 2019-09 | 2019-08 | 2019-07 | 2019-06 | 2019-05 | 2019-04 | 2019-03 | 2019-02 | 2019-01 | 2018-12 | 2018-11 | 2018-10 | 2018-09 | 2018-08 | 2018-07 | 2018-06 | 2018-05 | 2018-04 | 2018-03 | 2018-02 | 2018-01 | 2017-12 | 2017-11 | 2017-10 | 2017-09 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| o3 | 49 | 63 | 60 | 63 | 46 | 49 | 49 | 47 | 61 | 65 | 78 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 71 | 48 | 46 | 49 | 35 | 49 | 65 | 68 | 78 | 65 | 73 | 70 | 72 | 49 | 54 | 47 | 39 | 42 | 44 |
FR34057
| index | 2020-05 | 2020-04 | 2020-03 | 2020-02 | 2020-01 | 2019-12 | 2019-11 | 2019-10 | 2019-09 | 2019-08 | 2019-07 | 2019-06 | 2019-05 | 2019-04 | 2019-03 | 2019-02 | 2019-01 | 2018-12 | 2018-11 | 2018-10 | 2018-09 | 2018-08 | 2018-07 | 2018-06 | 2018-05 | 2018-04 | 2018-03 | 2018-02 | 2018-01 | 2017-12 | 2017-11 | 2017-10 | 2017-09 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pm25 | 2.9 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 6.1 | 8.3 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 6.1 | 6 | 6.5 | 8.6 | 9.2 | 17 | 12 | 7.6 | 9.6 | 8.7 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 4.4 | 7.5 | 5.2 | 8.3 | 14 | 6 | 8.4 | 9.8 | 5 | 5.5 |
| no2 | 6.4 | 8.9 | 11 | 10 | 16 | 9.5 | 12 | 11 | 13 | 12 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 18 | 16 | 29 | 19 | 12 | 19 | 18 | 20 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 13 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 15 | 18 |